Accounting for carbon cycle feedbacks plus LUC outside the Americas gives a total 5 ppm CO 2 additional uptake into the land surface in the 1500s compared to the 1400s, 47–67% of the atmospheric CO 2 decline. This resulted in secondary succession of 55.8 Mha (IQR 39.0–78.4 Mha) of abandoned land, sequestering 7.4 Pg C (IQR 4.9–10.8 Pg C), equivalent to a decline in atmospheric CO 2 of 3.5 ppm (IQR 2.3–5.1 ppm CO 2).
European epidemics removed 90% (IQR 87–92%) of the indigenous population over the next century. From 119 published regional population estimates we calculate a pre-1492 CE population of 60.5 million (interquartile range, IQR 44.8–78.2 million), utilizing 1.04 ha land per capita (IQR 0.98–1.11).
#Dying light only uses 4 of 8 cores drivers#
We quantitatively review the evidence for (i) the pre-Columbian population size, (ii) their per capita land use, (iii) the post-1492 population loss, (iv) the resulting carbon uptake of the abandoned anthropogenic landscapes, and then compare these to potential natural drivers of global carbon declines of 7–10 ppm. We investigate whether the decline in global atmospheric CO 2 concentration by 7–10 ppm in the late 1500s and early 1600s which globally lowered surface air temperatures by 0.15 ∘C, were generated by natural forcing or were a result of the large-scale depopulation of the Americas after European arrival, subsequent land use change and secondary succession. Human impacts prior to the Industrial Revolution are not well constrained.